Waves inside Solidarnosc pated.
1. Lech Walesa, Zigniew Bujak, Wladyslaw Frasyniuk and Bogdan Lis made a joint statement on the new situation. Subsequently, this group of four issued statements of principle from time to time. Aside from that, nothing changed. Gorny, Kulerski and Muszynski stayed in the TKK, which remained under-
THE FOLLOWING is from the October 22 issue
Mazowsze No 185, a national underground paper close to the leader ship of Solidarnosc.
Before August 1980, Henryk Wujec was one of the leaders of the working-class activity of the KOR Committee to Defend the Workers].
Subsequently he was a leader of Solidarnosc in Warsaw.
a member of the regional leadership operating above ground.
HENRYK WUJEC
What is happening in the union
I would call a real earthquake formation of
Committee of Solidarnosc, the sponappearance of several regional councils and the multiplication of this turmoil is not without its dangers, but it can nonetheless be good for us, if the activists and bodies of Solidarnosc make an effort to act in concert and seek together solutions respecting the various tendencies and forms activity. In order to be able to particimembers and supporters of the union have to understand what is happening.
those who have taken recent events must take
The setting up of the Provisional of Solidarnose took public
For a long time, had been going to open up new forms
The problem was to give new momof Solidarnose without costing it a single one of its gains (underground commissions in the factories, author structures, the TKK).
movement was losing its momentum.
losses were not compensated by new arrivals. There was a lack of youth in
This problem in all underground movements, which have to be based in reliable, mined and effective elites.
people for underon this path would lead to becoming a fossil within a living social organism.
dramatic because our colleagues had been living underground for years. I personally was imprisoned, and I knew that at the end of my term I would be able to resume a more or less families had no terms would end. A solution had to be found that would enable them to of Tygodnik
He is now come out of the underground without solution that would enable the union after long discussions, born that is now being put into practice.
is that in our minds the whole thing should have been way, without conflicts. The set up an open Council of Solidarnosc made up of prominent union, including the members of the present TKK.
Once this council was set up, a new
TKK would be formed, with representatives of regions whose names would
The Council would be responsible for coordinating trade-union, political for organizational questions the allotment of technical resources,
The Council and the TKK collaboration.
the TKK would mous, its initiatives would have be endorsed by the Council and the
Wave of arrests
The accomplishment of this project that took place at the end of May.
But on September 11, personalities of the union, names are known to every Pole and Jedynak - regained their freedom. In the eyes of the population, this went without saying. It was they who embodied the union and it was were its leadership, with
Walesa at the head of course.
had urgently to find a form of action capable of responding to the new
Lech Walesa set up a Council Solidarnosc, to which in addition to open activists, underground activists who put their names to the positions taken by the TKK. The latter could take advantage of this opportunity to come out of the only of anonymous regional representatives. Two variants were envisaged for the Council: a narrow group, made up only of former TKK members; or tatives er groups de up the represens (proposed by their region). In first case, the Council would have ten members, in the second, nearly 60
The first project was approved by Walesa and his advisors. by the former TKK members. After a long discussion in which an effort was made to conciliate the different points of view, it was decided that the would be asked to set up Council and that Walesa would simply approve it. The TKK then received a letter containing a slate of candidates variant) and a detailed account of the September 20 meeting.
The TKK members did not accept this proposition, on the grounds that was incoherent a clanopen one), that it was difficult to define the respective authorities of the TKK and the Council, and for ethical reasons. It was impossible for them to thought that it was rather up to the chair of the union to establish the Council and it appealed to him.
The situation had to be analyzed yet again in Gdansk on
Walesa decided to form all formermen ers of here people, Council made up of said that it was necessary to "work out define a new mode an open and legal one." His statement, like that of the Council, was marked dialogue, but in no way went back on any of the fundamental ideas of Solidifferences of opinion among the activists, been a success for the union. It demto find solutions was still strong. It is
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in fact in that spirit that the union has sought to respond to the new political situation. It is, moreover, in this way that this decision was perceived by the great majority of
The reaction of activists underground structures has not been entirely the same. As for the TKK, its underground partial abandonment of clandestinity and not knowing how that would go, feared for the union's creation of the Council as an attack on its position. It was able to make interpretation tunately Walesa's statement and that of the Council did not include a word about the TKK and the role it was
Nor did these statements make it clear that the understructures would remain place until it was possible for the union to really operate openly. Euphoria following the amnesty
This situation further complicated by the spontaneous creation of open regional representative bodies in Warsaw, Lubin, Upper Silesia, Lodz and other cities. Obviously, activists were only waiting for an opportunity to form these representative bodies, given the speed with which all this happened.
Undoubtedly, people acted in too precipitate a way, and this contributed to the confusion in the underground Warsaw region, are partially sible for this, inasmuch as the coming commission in the wake of the Counfor other regions. This precipitance is explained by the euphoria that followimmediately after no realistic analysis of the situation having yet been made.
Nonetheless, the formation of open regional councils is a healthy and, all, positive process because it makes it possible to activate the regions and out open trade-union (defence of the standard of living, health and safety on the job) as well as self-management and social action. The declaration of the regional executive commission of the Warsaw region (October 8) contains the outlines of such a program.
It is important that the creation of regional councils increase cohesiveness and not be the source of conflicts, that it not generate personal quarrels or rivalries among the groups. The Lublin and Upper Silesia regional councils seem to be positive examples. The former includes leaders not only from the city of Lublin but also from other cities in the region, such as Chelm and Zamose. The situation is similar in Upper Silesia, Poland's 16 largest region, where the inclusion of zones gives a chance to unify its region.
The formation of regional councils immediately following as meaning should be a followup creation of factories and open interclandestine commissions openly talked about this. It is clear, everyone that such a frenetic course only put the activists in the underground vists felt very worried was necessary to explain things, and so forth. commission in its commissions of the union coming out suggested other forms of self-management councils and groups operating in the open in the factories important to the workforce. activists, particularly strong in those regions where communications between the underground and the "surface" leave something to be desired or where cleavages owing to different points of view are especially sharp, were reflected in statements marked by nervousness and incoherthe error of the Provisional Council, maintenance underground structures but expressed its position in such that it created the impression that it thought that the entire union should take refuge in the underground. The regional strike committee also did not speak softly. reinforce its role and the role of the other clandestine structures, nonetheless pointed out in the same text that the two last persons to sign their names to its statements (Ian Gorny and Marek Muszynski), would
All these events I have just spoken of sowed confusion among Solidarnose harmful in the long term. But in the negative consequences of the events, I can discern the seeds of a positive solution. Everycompose our minds and union, who fortunately are many, have explain calmly and intelligently the roles of the Provisional Council and the TKK and define their respecmade up of
Provisional made up of people such as Bujak and laboration between these two bodies. It is also necessary to smooth collaboration between the clandestine strucnot forget, is to activate Solidarnose, because only a strong and vital union will be able to respond to a changing. political situation and impose changes that will get the country out of crisis.O TYGODNIK MAZOWSZE From the review of the underTygodnik Mazowsze, No. 186, November 5, 1986.
The statement of the TKK has been interpreted in union press as an attempt to underrole of the Council. In the article entitled "The Chai Walesa], Wiadomosci Agencynych of Warsaw (No. 73, Oct tiative link Pro-
-fide to the
Leadership trophthe diso Glo pubstions. We
Council fail to mak work para did it auti delegate of the War eeting of mee visional incils? Did iguous
Some regions are not creating before the state of siege, and Wroclaw [Lower Silesia] has not not proof that there is discord, confusion and a power the leaders of the union?
Why did the Warsaw Regional Commission, not include any known of the regional leadership except Bujak and Kulerski, although the co-optation of other persons had
We also in the editorial board of clear about all these we agree with question that we published: "Should all these statements, which are often contradictory and incomprehensible to readers, really be published? So many the wastebasket for lack of space!' International Viewpoint 22 December 1986